“In relationship testing, every effort should be made to test the mother when she is available. DNA testing of the mother, even if maternity is not disputed, improves the chance of obtaining conclusive results and is a quality control check for both the scientific and legal community, to ensure the correct child was tested. While motherless paternity testing is a relatively common practice, it can present a number of problems, ranging from inconclusive results, or in the case of incest or related alleged fathers, a false inclusion.”- Universal Forensics